require "../../spec_helper"

describe "Semantic: instance var" do
  it "declares instance var" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        @x : Int32

        def initialize
          x = 1
          @x = x
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "declares instance var multiple times, last one wins" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { union_of(int32, float64) }
      class Foo
        @x : Int32
        @x : Int32 | Float64

        def initialize
          x = 1
          @x = x
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't error when redeclaring subclass variable with the same type" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        @x : Int32

        def initialize
          x = 1
          @x = x
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Bar < Foo
        @x : Int32
      end

      Bar.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "errors when redeclaring subclass variable with a different type" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "instance variable '@x' of Foo, with Bar < Foo, is already declared as Int32"
      class Foo
        @x : Int32

        def initialize
          x = 1
          @x = x
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Bar < Foo
        @x : String
      end

      Bar.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "declares instance var in module, inherits to type" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      module Moo
        @x : Int32

        def initialize
          x = 1
          @x = x
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Foo
        include Moo
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "declares instance var in module, inherits to type recursively" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      module Moo
        @x : Int32

        def initialize
          x = 1
          @x = x
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      module Moo2
        include Moo
      end

      class Foo
        include Moo2
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "declares instance var of generic type" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo(T)
        @x : T

        def initialize(@x : T)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new(1).x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "declares instance var of generic type, with no type parameter" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo(T)
        @x : Int32

        def initialize(@x : Int32)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo(Char).new(1).x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "declares instance var of generic type, with generic type" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { generic_class "Gen", int32 }
      class Gen(T)
      end

      class Foo(T)
        @x : Gen(T)

        def initialize(@x : Gen(T))
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new(Gen(Int32).new).x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "declares instance var of generic type, with union" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { union_of int32, char }
      class Foo(T)
        @x : T | Char

        def initialize(@x)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo(Int32).new(1).x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "declares instance var of generic type, with proc" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { proc_of([char, char, int32]) }
      class Foo(T)
        @x : T, T -> Int32

        def initialize(@x : T, T -> Int32)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo(Char).new(->(x : Char, y : Char) { 1 }).x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "declares instance var of generic type, with tuple" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { tuple_of([char, int32, char]) }
      class Foo(T)
        @x : {T, Int32, T}

        def initialize(@x : {T, Int32, T})
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo(Char).new({'a', 1, 'b'}).x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "declares instance var of generic type, with metaclass" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32.metaclass }
      class Foo(T)
        @x : T.class

        def initialize(@x : T.class)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo(Int32).new(Int32).x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "declares instance var of generic type, with virtual metaclass" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Bar"].virtual_type!.metaclass }
      class Bar; end
      class Baz < Bar; end

      class Foo(T)
        @x : T.class

        def initialize(@x : T.class)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo(Bar).new(Bar).x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "declares instance var of generic type, with static array" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { static_array_of(uint8, 3) }
      class Foo(T)
        @x : UInt8[T]

        def initialize(@x : UInt8[T])
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      z = uninitialized UInt8[3]
      Foo(3).new(z).x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "declares instance var of generic type, with splat" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { generic_class "Gen", int32, string }
      class Gen(*T)
      end

      class Foo(*T)
        @x : Gen(*T)

        def initialize(@x : Gen(*T))
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new(Gen(Int32, String).new).x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "declares instance var of generic type, with splat inside Tuple" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { tuple_of([int32, string]) }
      class Foo(*T)
        @x : Tuple(*T)

        def initialize(@x : Tuple(*T))
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new({1, ""}).x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "declares instance var of generic type, with splat inside Proc" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { proc_of([int32, string, bool]) }
      class Foo(R, *T)
        @x : Proc(*T, R)

        def initialize(@x : Proc(*T, R))
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new(->(x : Int32, y : String) { true }).x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "declares instance var with self, on generic" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { nilable generic_class("Foo", int32) }
      class Foo(T)
        @x : self | Nil

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo(Int32).new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "errors if declaring variable with number" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't declare variable with NumberLiteral"
      class Foo(T)
        @x : T

        def initialize(@x : T)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo(3).new(3).x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "declares instance var of generic type through module" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      module Moo
        @x : Int32

        def initialize
          a = 1
          @x = a
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Foo(T)
        include Moo
      end

      Foo(Float64).new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "declares instance var of generic type subclass" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo(T)
        @x : T

        def initialize(@x)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Bar(T) < Foo(T)
      end

      Bar(Int32).new(1).x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "declares instance var of generic module" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      module Moo(T)
        @x : T

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Foo(T)
        include Moo(T)

        def initialize
          a = 1
          @x = a
        end
      end

      Foo(Int32).new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "declares instance var of generic module (2)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      module Moo(U)
        @x : U

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Foo(T)
        include Moo(T)

        def initialize
          a = 1
          @x = a
        end
      end

      Foo(Int32).new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "declares instance var of generic module from non-generic module" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      module Moo
        @x : Int32

        def initialize(@x)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      module Moo2(T)
        include Moo
      end

      class Foo(T)
        include Moo2(T)

        def initialize
          super(1)
          a = 1
          @x = a
        end
      end

      Foo(Float64).new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from number literal" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = 1
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from char literal" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { char }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = 'a'
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from bool literal" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { bool }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = true
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from string literal" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { string }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = "hi"
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from string interpolation" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { string }
      require "prelude"

      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = "foo\#{1}"
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from symbol literal" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { symbol }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = :hi
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from array literal with of" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { array_of int32 }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = [] of Int32
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from array literal with of metaclass" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { array_of int32.metaclass }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = [] of Int32.class
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from array literal from its literals" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { array_of union_of(int32, char) }
      require "prelude"

      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = [1, 'a']
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from hash literal with of" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { hash_of int32, string }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = {} of Int32 => String
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from hash literal from elements" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { hash_of(union_of(int32, char), union_of(string, bool)) }
      require "prelude"

      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = {1 => "foo", 'a' => true}
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from range literal" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { range_of(int32, char) }
      require "prelude"

      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = 1..'a'
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from regex literal" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Regex"] }
      require "prelude"

      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = /foo/
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from regex literal with interpolation" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Regex"] }
      require "prelude"

      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = /foo\#{1}/
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from tuple literal" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { tuple_of([int32, string]) }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = {1, "foo"}
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from named tuple literal" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { named_tuple_of({"x": int32, "y": string}) }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = {x: 1, y: "foo"}
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from proc literal with return type" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { proc_of([int32, bool, string]) }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = ->(x : Int32, y : Bool) : String { "" }
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from new expression" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Bar"] }
      class Bar
      end

      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = Bar.new
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from as" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL, inject_primitives: true) { int32 }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = (1 + 2).as(Int32)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from as?" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL, inject_primitives: true) { nilable int32 }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = (1 + 2).as?(Int32)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from argument restriction" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { nilable int32 }
      class Foo
        def x=(@x : Int32)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from argument default value" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { nilable int32 }
      class Foo
        def set(@x = 1)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from lib fun call" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["LibFoo"].types["Bar"] }
      lib LibFoo
        struct Bar
          x : Int32
        end

        fun foo : Bar
      end

      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = LibFoo.foo
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from lib variable" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["LibFoo"].types["Bar"] }
      lib LibFoo
        struct Bar
          x : Int32
        end

        $foo : Bar
      end

      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = LibFoo.foo
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from ||" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { union_of(int32, bool) }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = 1 || true
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from &&" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { union_of(int32, bool) }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = 1 && true
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from ||=" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { nilable int32 }
      class Foo
        def x
          @x ||= 1
        end
      end

      Foo.new.@x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from ||= inside another assignment" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { nilable int32 }
      class Foo
        def x
          x = @x ||= 1
        end
      end

      Foo.new.@x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from if" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL, inject_primitives: true) { union_of(int32, bool) }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = 1 == 1 ? 1 : true
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from case" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { union_of(char, bool) }
      require "prelude"

      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = case 1
               when 2
                 'a'
               else
                 true
               end
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from unless" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL, inject_primitives: true) { union_of(int32, bool) }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = unless 1 == 1
                 1
               else
                 true
               end
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from begin" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = begin
            'a'
            1
          end
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from assign (1)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = @y = 1
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from assign (2)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = @y = 1
        end

        def y
          @y
        end
      end

      Foo.new.y
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from block argument" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { nilable proc_of(int32, int32) }
      class Foo
        def set(&@x : Int32 -> Int32)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from block argument without restriction" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { nilable proc_of(void) }
      class Foo
        def set(&@x)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from !" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { bool }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = !1
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from is_a?" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { bool }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = 1.is_a?(Char)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from responds_to?" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { bool }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = 1.responds_to?(:foo)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from sizeof" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = sizeof(Int32)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from instance_sizeof" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = instance_sizeof(Foo)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from offsetof" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = offsetof(Bar, @x)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      struct Bar
        @x = 0
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from path that is a type" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Bar"].virtual_type!.metaclass }
      class Bar; end
      class Baz < Bar; end

      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = Bar
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from path that is a constant" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      CONST = 1

      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = CONST
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't infer type from redefined method" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { nilable char }
      class Foo
        def foo
          @x = 1
        end

        def foo
          @x = 'a'
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from redefined method if calls previous_def" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { union_of(nil_type, int32, char) }
      class Foo
        def foo
          @x = 1
        end

        def foo
          previous_def
          @x = 'a'
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type in multi assign" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { tuple_of([int32, char]) }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x, @y = 1, 'a'
        end

        def x
          @x
        end

        def y
          @y
        end
      end

      {Foo.new.x, Foo.new.y}
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from enum member" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Color"] }
      enum Color
        Red
        Green
        Blue
      end

      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = Color::Red
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from two literals" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { union_of int32, float64 }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = 1
          @x = 1.5
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from literal outside def" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        @x = 1

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from literal outside def with initialize and type restriction" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        @x : Int32
        @x = 1

        def initialize
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from lib out (1)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["LibFoo"].types["Bar"] }
      lib LibFoo
        struct Bar
          x : Int32
        end

        fun foo(x : Int32, y : Bar*) : Int32
      end

      class Foo
        def initialize
          LibFoo.foo(1, out @two)
        end

        def two
          @two
        end
      end

      Foo.new.two
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from lib out (2)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { float64 }
      lib LibFoo
        fun foo(x : Int32, y : Float64*) : Int32
      end

      class Foo
        def initialize
          @err = LibFoo.foo(1, out @two)
        end

        def two
          @two
        end
      end

      Foo.new.two
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from lib out (3)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      lib LibFoo
        fun foo(x : Int32, y : Float64*) : Int32
      end

      class Foo
        def initialize
          @err = LibFoo.foo(1, out @two)
        end

        def err
          @err
        end
      end

      Foo.new.err
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from uninitialized" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = uninitialized Int32
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't infer for subclass if assigns another type (1)" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "instance variable '@x' of Foo must be Int32, not Float64"
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = 1
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Bar < Foo
        def foo
          @x = 1.5
        end
      end

      Bar.new.foo
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't infer for subclass if assigns another type (2)" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "instance variable '@x' of Foo must be Int32, not Float64"
      class Foo
      end

      class Bar < Foo
        def foo
          @x = 1.5
        end
      end

      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = 1
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Bar.new.foo
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from included module" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      module Moo
        def initialize
          @x = 1
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Foo
        include Moo
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from included module, outside def" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      module Moo
        @x = 1

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Foo
        include Moo
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from included module recursively" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      module Moo
        def initialize
          @x = 1
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      module Moo2
        include Moo
      end

      class Foo
        include Moo2
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type for generic class, with literal" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo(T)
        def initialize
          @x = 1
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo(Float64).new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type for generic class, with T.new" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Bar"] }
      class Bar
      end

      class Foo(T)
        def initialize
          @x = T.new
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo(Bar).new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type for generic class, with T.new and literal" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { union_of types["Bar"], int32 }
      class Bar
      end

      class Foo(T)
        def initialize
          @x = T.new
          @x = 1
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo(Bar).new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type for generic class, with lib call" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["LibFoo"].types["Bar"] }
      lib LibFoo
        struct Bar
          x : Int32
        end

        fun foo : Bar
      end

      class Foo(T)
        def initialize
          @x = LibFoo.foo
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo(Float64).new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type for generic class, with &&" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { union_of(types["Foo"], types["Bar"]) }
      class Foo
      end

      class Bar
      end

      class Gen(T)
        def initialize
          @x = T.new || Foo.new
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Gen(Bar).new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type for generic class, with begin" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Foo"] }
      class Foo
      end

      class Gen(T)
        def initialize
          @x = begin
            1
            T.new
          end
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Gen(Foo).new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type for generic class, with if" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL, inject_primitives: true) { union_of(types["Foo"], types["Bar"]) }
      class Foo
      end

      class Bar
      end

      class Gen(T)
        def initialize
          @x = 1 == 2 ? T.new : Foo.new
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Gen(Bar).new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type for generic class, with case" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL, inject_primitives: true) { union_of(types["Foo"], types["Bar"]) }
      class Object
        def ===(other)
          self == other
        end
      end

      class Foo
      end

      class Bar
      end

      class Gen(T)
        def initialize
          @x = case 1
               when 2 then T.new
               else Foo.new
               end
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Gen(Bar).new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type for generic class, with assign (1)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Foo"] }
      class Foo
      end

      class Gen(T)
        def initialize
          @x = @y = T.new
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Gen(Foo).new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type for generic class, with assign (2)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Foo"] }
      class Foo
      end

      class Gen(T)
        def initialize
          @x = @y = T.new
        end

        def y
          @y
        end
      end

      Gen(Foo).new.y
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type for non-generic class, with assign" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        @x : Int32
        @y : Int32

        def initialize
          @x = @y = 1
        end

        def y
          @y
        end
      end

      Foo.new.y
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type for generic module" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Foo"] }
      class Foo
      end

      module Moo(T)
        def initialize
          @x = T.new
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Gen(T)
        include Moo(T)
      end

      Gen(Foo).new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type to be nilable if not initialized" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { nilable int32 }
      class Foo
        def x
          @x = 1
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type to be non-nilable if initialized in all initialize" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = 1
        end

        def initialize(@x : Int32)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "errors if not initialized in all initialize" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "this 'initialize' doesn't explicitly initialize instance variable '@x' of Foo, rendering it nilable"
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = 1
        end

        def initialize(x)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't error if not initializes in all initialize because declared as nilable" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { nilable int32 }
      class Foo
        @x : Int32?

        def initialize
          @x = 1
        end

        def initialize(x)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from argument with restriction, in generic" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo(T)
        def initialize(@x : T)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new(1).x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "says undefined instance variable on read" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't infer the type of instance variable '@x' of Foo"
      class Foo
        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "says undefined instance variable on assign" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't infer the type of instance variable '@x' of Foo"
      class Foo
        def x
          a = 1
          @x = a
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "errors if declaring instance var and turns out to be nilable" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "instance variable '@x' of Foo was not initialized directly in all of the 'initialize' methods, rendering it nilable. Indirect initialization is not supported."
      class Foo
        @x : Int32
      end
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't if declaring nilable instance var and turns out to be nilable" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { nilable int32 }
      class Foo
        @x : Int32?

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "errors if declaring instance var and turns out to be nilable, in generic type" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "instance variable '@x' of Foo(T) was not initialized directly in all of the 'initialize' methods, rendering it nilable. Indirect initialization is not supported."
      class Foo(T)
        @x : T
      end
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "errors if declaring instance var and turns out to be nilable, in generic module type" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "instance variable '@x' of Foo was not initialized directly in all of the 'initialize' methods, rendering it nilable. Indirect initialization is not supported."
      module Moo(T)
        @x : T
      end

      class Foo
        include Moo(Int32)
      end
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't error if declaring instance var and doesn't out to be nilable, in generic module type" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      module Moo(T)
        @x : T

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Foo
        include Moo(Int32)

        def initialize(@x)
        end
      end

      foo = Foo.new(1)
      foo.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "errors if declaring instance var and turns out to be nilable, in generic module type in generic type" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "instance variable '@x' of Foo(T) was not initialized directly in all of the 'initialize' methods, rendering it nilable. Indirect initialization is not supported."
      module Moo(T)
        @x : T
      end

      class Foo(T)
        include Moo(T)
      end
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't error if not initializing variables but calling super" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        @x : Int32

        def initialize
          @x = 1
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Bar < Foo
        def initialize(x)
          super()
        end
      end

      Bar.new(10).x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't error if not initializing variables but calling previous_def (#3210)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Some
        def initialize
          @a = 1
        end

        def initialize
          previous_def
        end

        def a
          @a
        end
      end

      Some.new.a
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't error if not initializing variables but calling super and previous_def" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        @x : Int32

        def initialize
          @x = 1
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Bar < Foo
        def initialize(x)
          super()
        end

        def initialize(x)
          previous_def(x)
        end
      end

      Bar.new(10).x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't error if not initializing variables but calling previous_def (2) (#3210)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL, inject_primitives: true) { int32 }
      class Some
        def initialize
          @a = 1
          @b = 2
        end

        def initialize
          previous_def
          @b = @a
        end

        def a
          @a
        end

        def b
          @b
        end
      end

      Some.new.a + Some.new.b
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "errors if not initializing super variables" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "this 'initialize' doesn't initialize instance variable '@x' of Foo, with Bar < Foo, rendering it nilable"
      class Foo
        @x : Int32

        def initialize
          @x = 1
        end
      end

      class Bar < Foo
        def initialize
        end
      end
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "errors if not initializing super variables (2)" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "this 'initialize' doesn't initialize instance variable '@x' of Foo, with Bar < Foo, rendering it nilable"
      class Foo
        @x : Int32

        def initialize
          @x = 1
        end
      end

      class Bar < Foo
        def initialize
          @y = 2
        end
      end
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "errors if not initializing super variables (3)" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "this 'initialize' doesn't initialize instance variable '@x' of Foo, with Bar < Foo, rendering it nilable"
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = 1
        end
      end

      class Bar < Foo
        def initialize
          @y = 2
        end
      end
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "errors if not initializing super variable in generic" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "this 'initialize' doesn't initialize instance variable '@x' of Foo(T), with Bar(T) < Foo(T), rendering it nilable"
      class Foo(T)
        def initialize
          @x = 1
        end
      end

      class Bar(T) < Foo(T)
        def initialize
          @y = 2
        end
      end
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't error if not calling super but initializing all variables" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        @x : Int32

        def initialize
          @x = 1
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Bar < Foo
        def initialize(x)
          @x = 2
        end
      end

      Bar.new(10).x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't error if not initializing variables but calling super in parent parent" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        @x : Int32

        def initialize
          @x = 1
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Bar < Foo
      end

      class Baz < Bar
        def initialize(x)
          super()
        end
      end

      Baz.new(10).x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't error if not initializing variables but calling super for module" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      module Moo
        @x : Int32

        def initialize
          @x = 1
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Foo
        include Moo

        def initialize(x)
          super()
        end
      end

      Foo.new(10).x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't error if not initializing variables but calling super for generic module" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      module Moo(T)
        @x : T

        def initialize(@x)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Foo
        include Moo(Int32)

        def initialize(x)
          super(x)
        end
      end

      Foo.new(10).x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "ignores redefined initialize (#456)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL, inject_primitives: true) { int32 }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @a = 1
        end

        def initialize
          @a = 1
          @b = 2
        end

        def a
          @a
        end

        def b
          @b
        end
      end

      a = Foo.new
      a.a + a.b
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "ignores super module initialize (#456)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL, inject_primitives: true) { int32 }
      module Moo
        def initialize
          @a = 1
        end
      end

      class Foo
        include Moo

        def initialize
          @a = 1
          @b = 2
        end

        def a
          @a
        end

        def b
          @b
        end
      end

      a = Foo.new
      a.a + a.b
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "obeys super module initialize (#456)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL, inject_primitives: true) { int32 }
      module Moo
        def initialize
          @a = 1
        end

        def a
          @a
        end
      end

      class Foo
        include Moo

        def initialize
          @b = 2
          super
        end

        def b
          @b
        end
      end

      b = Foo.new
      b.a + b.b
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't error if initializing var in superclass, and then empty initialize" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        @x : Int32
        @x = 1

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Bar < Foo
        def initialize
        end
      end

      Bar.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't error if calling initialize from another initialize (1)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        def initialize(@x : Int32)
        end

        def initialize
          initialize(1)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't error if calling initialize from another initialize (2)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { nilable int32 }
      class Foo
        def initialize(@x : Int32)
          @y = nil
        end

        def initialize
          initialize(1)
          @y = 2
        end

        def y
          @y
        end
      end

      Foo.new.y
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers nilable instance var of generic type" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { nilable int32 }
      class Foo(T)
        def set
          @coco = 2
        end

        def coco
          @coco
        end
      end

      f = Foo(Int32).new
      f.coco
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers nilable instance var of generic module" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { nilable int32 }
      module Moo(T)
        def set
          @coco = 2
        end

        def coco
          @coco
        end
      end

      class Foo(T)
        include Moo(T)
      end

      f = Foo(Int32).new
      f.coco
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type to be nilable if self is used before assigning to a variable" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { nilable int32 }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          self
          @x = 1
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type to be nilable if self is used in same assign" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { nilable int32 }
      def foo(x)
      end

      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = 1 || foo(self)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't infer type to be nilable if using self.class" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL, inject_primitives: true) { int32 }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          self.class
          @x = 1
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  pending "doesn't infer type to be nilable if using self.class in call in assign" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      def foo(x)
      end

      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = 1 || foo(self.class)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't error if not initializing nilable var in subclass" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { nilable int32 }
      class Foo
        @x : Int32?

        def initialize(@x)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Bar < Foo
        def initialize
        end
      end

      Bar.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "considers var as assigned in multi-assign" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL, inject_primitives: true) { int32 }
      def some
        {1, 2}
      end

      class Foo
        @x : Int32
        @y : Int32

        def initialize
          @x, @y = some
        end

        def x
          @x
        end

        def y
          @y
        end
      end

      foo = Foo.new
      foo.x + foo.y
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers from another instance var" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = 1
          @y = @x
        end

        def y
          @y
        end
      end

      Foo.new.y
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers from another instance var with type declaration" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        @x : Int32

        def initialize(@x)
          @y = @x
        end

        def y
          @y
        end
      end

      Foo.new(1).y
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers from another instance var in generic type" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Bar"] }
      class Bar
      end

      class Foo(T)
        def initialize
          @x = T.new
          @y = @x
        end

        def y
          @y
        end
      end

      Foo(Bar).new.y
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers from another instance var in generic type with type declaration" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Bar"] }
      class Bar
      end

      class Foo(T)
        @x : T

        def initialize(@x)
          @y = @x
        end

        def y
          @y
        end
      end

      Foo(Bar).new(Bar.new).y
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "errors on undefined instance var and subclass calling super" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't infer the type of instance variable '@x' of Bar"
      class Foo
        def initialize(@x)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Bar < Foo
        def initialize(x)
          super
          @x = x
        end
      end

      point = Bar.new(1)
      Foo.new(1).x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from array literal in generic type" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { array_of(int32) }
      class Foo(T)
        def initialize
          @array = [] of T
        end

        def array
          @array
        end
      end

      Foo(Int32).new.array
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from hash literal in generic type" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { hash_of(int32, float64) }
      class Foo(T)
        def initialize
          @array = {} of T => Float64
        end

        def array
          @array
        end
      end

      Foo(Int32).new.array
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from array literal with literals in generic type" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { array_of(int32) }
      require "prelude"

      class Foo(T)
        def initialize
          @array = [0]
        end

        def array
          @array
        end
      end

      Foo(Float64).new.array
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from hash literal with literals in generic type" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { hash_of(int32, symbol) }
      require "prelude"

      class Foo(T)
        def initialize
          @hash = {0 => :foo}
        end

        def hash
          @hash
        end
      end

      Foo(Float64).new.hash
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers from restriction using virtual type" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Foo"].virtual_type! }
      class Foo; end
      class Bar < Foo; end

      class Baz
        def initialize(@x : Foo)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Baz.new(Foo.new).x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't duplicate instance var in subclass" do
    result = semantic(<<-CRYSTAL)
      class Foo
        def initialize(@x : Int32)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Bar < Foo
        @x : Int32
      end
      CRYSTAL

    foo = result.program.types["Foo"].as(NonGenericClassType)
    foo.instance_vars["@x"].type.should eq(result.program.int32)

    bar = result.program.types["Bar"].as(NonGenericClassType)
    bar.instance_vars.should be_empty
  end

  it "infers type from custom array literal" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Foo"] }
      class Foo
        def initialize
        end

        def <<(v)
        end
      end

      class Bar
        def initialize
          @x = Foo{1, 2, 3}
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Bar.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from custom generic array literal" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { generic_class "Foo", int32 }
      class Foo(T)
        def initialize
        end

        def <<(v)
        end
      end

      class Bar
        def initialize
          @x = Foo{1, 2, 3}
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Bar.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from custom hash literal" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Foo"] }
      class Foo
        def initialize
        end

        def []=(k, v)
        end
      end

      class Bar
        def initialize
          @x = Foo{1 => 2}
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Bar.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from custom generic hash literal" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { generic_class "Foo", int32, string }
      class Foo(K, V)
        def initialize
        end

        def []=(k, v)
        end
      end

      class Bar
        def initialize
          @x = Foo{1 => "foo"}
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Bar.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from custom array literal in generic" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Foo"] }
      class Foo
        def initialize
        end

        def <<(v)
        end
      end

      class Bar(T)
        def initialize
          @x = Foo{1, 2, 3}
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Bar(Int32).new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from custom hash literal in generic" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Foo"] }
      class Foo
        def initialize
        end

        def []=(k, v)
        end
      end

      class Bar(T)
        def initialize
          @x = Foo{1 => 2}
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Bar(Int32).new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "says can't infer type if only nil was assigned" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "instance variable @x of Foo was inferred to be Nil, but Nil alone provides no information"
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = nil
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "says can't infer type if only nil was assigned, in generic type" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "instance variable @x of Foo(T) was inferred to be Nil, but Nil alone provides no information"
      class Foo(T)
        def initialize
          @x = nil
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo(Int32).new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "allows nil instance var because it's a generic type" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { nil_type }
      class Foo(T)
        def initialize(@x : T)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new(nil).x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "uses virtual types in fun" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { proc_of(types["Node"].virtual_type, types["Node"].virtual_type) }
      class Node; end
      class SubNode < Node; end

      class Foo
        def initialize(@x : Node -> Node)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new(->(x : Node) { x }).x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "uses virtual types in union" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { union_of(types["Node"].virtual_type, int32) }
      class Node; end
      class SubNode < Node; end

      class Foo
        def initialize(@x : Node | Int32)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new(1).x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "uses virtual types in self" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { nilable types["Node"].virtual_type }
      class Node
        def initialize
          @x = nil
        end

        def initialize(@x : self)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class SubNode < Node; end

      Node.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers from Pointer.malloc" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL, inject_primitives: true) { pointer_of(int32) }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = Pointer(Int32).malloc(1_u64)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers from Pointer.malloc with two arguments" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { pointer_of(uint8) }
      require "prelude"

      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = Pointer.malloc(10, 1_u8)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers from Pointer.null" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { pointer_of(int32) }
      require "prelude"

      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = Pointer(Int32).null
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers from Pointer.malloc in generic type" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL, inject_primitives: true) { pointer_of(int32) }
      class Foo(T)
        def initialize
          @x = Pointer(T).malloc(1_u64)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo(Int32).new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers from Pointer.null in generic type" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { pointer_of(int32) }
      require "prelude"

      class Foo(T)
        def initialize
          @x = Pointer(T).null
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo(Int32).new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers from Pointer.malloc with two arguments in generic type" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { pointer_of(uint8) }
      require "prelude"

      class Foo(T)
        def initialize
          @x = Pointer.malloc(10, 1_u8)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo(Int32).new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't infer generic type without type argument inside generic" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't infer the type parameter T for the generic class Bar(T)"
      class Bar(T)
      end

      class Foo(T)
        def initialize
          @bar = Bar.new
        end

        def bar
          @bar
        end
      end

      Foo(Int32).new.bar
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't crash on missing var on subclass, with superclass not specifying a type" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "this 'initialize' doesn't initialize instance variable '@x', rendering it nilable"
      class Foo
        def initialize(@x)
        end
      end

      class Bar < Foo
        def initialize
        end
      end

      Bar.new
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't complain if not initialized in one initialize, but has initializer (#2465)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        @x = 1

        def initialize(@x)
        end

        def initialize
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "can declare type even if included module has a guessed var" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { union_of int32, float64 }
      module Moo
        def foo
          @x = 1
        end
      end

      class Foo
        include Moo

        @x : Int32 | Float64

        def initialize
          @x = 1.5
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't complain if declared type is recursive alias that's nilable" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Rec"] }
      class Bar(T)
      end

      alias Rec = Int32 | Nil | Bar(Rec)

      class Foo
        @x : Rec

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers from assign to local var (#2467)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = x = 1
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers from assign to local var in generic type (#2467)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo(T)
        def initialize
          @x = x = 1
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo(Float64).new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers from top-level method that has type annotation" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Bar"] }
      class Bar
      end

      def bar : Bar
        Bar.new
      end

      class Foo
        def initialize
          @bar = ::bar
        end

        def bar
          @bar
        end
      end

      Foo.new.bar
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers from simple top-level method without type annotation" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Bar"] }
      class Bar
      end

      def bar
        Bar.new
      end

      class Foo
        def initialize
          @bar = ::bar
        end

        def bar
          @bar
        end
      end

      Foo.new.bar
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers from class method that has type annotation" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Bar"] }
      class Bar
        def self.bar : Bar
          Bar.new
        end
      end

      class Foo
        def initialize
          @bar = Bar.bar
        end

        def bar
          @bar
        end
      end

      Foo.new.bar
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers from class method that has type annotation, in generic class" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Bar"] }
      class Bar
        def self.bar : Bar
          Bar.new
        end
      end

      class Foo(T)
        def initialize
          @bar = Bar.bar
        end

        def bar
          @bar
        end
      end

      Foo(Int32).new.bar
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers from generic class method that has type annotation" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { generic_class "Bar", int32 }
      class Bar(T)
        def self.bar : self
          Bar(T).new
        end
      end

      class Foo
        def initialize
          @bar = Bar(Int32).bar
        end

        def bar
          @bar
        end
      end

      Foo.new.bar
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers from generic class method that has type annotation, without instantiating" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Bar(T)
        def self.bar : Int32
          1
        end
      end

      class Foo
        def initialize
          @bar = Bar.bar
        end

        def bar
          @bar
        end
      end

      Foo.new.bar
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers from class method that has type annotation, with overload" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Bar"] }
      class Baz
      end

      class Bar
        def self.bar : Baz
          Baz.new
        end

        def self.bar(x) : Bar
          Bar.new
        end

        def self.bar(x) : Baz
          yield
          Bar.new
        end
      end

      class Foo
        def initialize
          @bar = Bar.bar(1)
        end

        def bar
          @bar
        end
      end

      Foo.new.bar
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers from class method that has type annotation, with multiple overloads matching, all with the same type" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Bar"] }
      class Bar
        def self.bar(x : Int32) : Bar
          Bar.new
        end

        def self.bar(x : String) : Bar
          Bar.new
        end
      end

      class Foo
        def initialize(x)
          @bar = Bar.bar(x)
        end

        def bar
          @bar
        end
      end

      Foo.new(1).bar
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers from multiple class method overloads with same type but different spellings" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Bar"] }
      class Bar
        def self.bar(x : Int32) : Bar
          Bar.new
        end

        def self.bar(x : Float64) : ::Bar
          Bar.new
        end

        def self.bar(x : String) : self
          Bar.new
        end
      end

      class Foo
        def initialize(x)
          @bar = Bar.bar(x)
        end

        def bar
          @bar
        end
      end

      Foo.new(1).bar
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers from new with return type" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        def self.new : Int32
          1
        end
      end

      class Bar
        def initialize
          @x = Foo.new
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Bar.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers from new with return type in generic type" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        def self.new : Int32
          1
        end
      end

      class Bar(T)
        def initialize
          @x = Foo.new
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Bar(Float64).new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers from new with return type returning generic" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { generic_class "Bar", int32 }
      class Foo(T)
        def self.new : Bar(T)
          Bar(T).new
        end
      end

      class Bar(T)
      end

      class Baz
        def initialize
          @x = Foo(Int32).new
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Baz.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "guesses from new on abstract class" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Bar"] }
      abstract class Foo
        def self.new : Bar
          Bar.new(1)
        end
      end

      class Bar < Foo
        def initialize(x)
        end
      end

      class Baz
        def initialize
          @foo = Foo.new
        end

        def foo
          @foo
        end
      end

      Baz.new.foo
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "errors on undefined constant" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "undefined constant Bar"
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = Bar.new
        end
      end

      Foo.new
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers from class method that invokes new" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Bar"] }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = Bar.create
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Bar
        def self.create
          new
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers from class method that has number literal" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = Bar.default_num
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Bar
        def self.default_num
          1
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers from class method that refers to constant" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Bar"] }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = Bar.default_instance
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Bar
        DEFAULT = new

        def self.default_instance
          DEFAULT
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infer from class method with multiple statements and return" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL, inject_primitives: true) { nilable int32 }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = Bar.default
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Bar
        def self.default
          if 1 == 2
            return nil
          end
          1
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't infer from class method with multiple statements and return, on non-easy return" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't infer the type of instance variable '@x' of Foo", inject_primitives: true
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = Bar.default
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Bar
        def self.default
          if 1 == 2
            a = 1
            return a
          end
          1
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't infer from class method with multiple statements and return, on non-easy return (2)" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't infer the type of instance variable '@x' of Foo", inject_primitives: true
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = Bar.default
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Bar
        def self.default
          if 1 == 2
            a = 1
            return a
          else
            1
          end
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infer from class method where new is redefined" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = Bar.default
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Bar
        def self.default
          new
        end

        def self.new
          1
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't crash on recursive method call" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't infer the type of instance variable '@x' of Foo"
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = Bar.default
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Bar
        def self.default
          Bar.default2
        end

        def self.default2
          Bar.default
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers in multiple assign for tuple type (1)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x, @y = Bar.method
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Bar
        def self.method : {Int32, Bool}
          {1, true}
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "says can't infer (#2536)" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't infer the type of instance variable '@foo' of Foo(Int32)"
      require "prelude"

      class Foo(T)
        def initialize(@arg : T)
          @foo = [bar]
        end

        def initialize(@arg : T)
          @foo = [bar]
          yield 3
        end

        def bar
          3
        end
      end

      Foo.new(3).foo
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't crash when inferring from new without matches (#2538)" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "wrong number of arguments for 'Foo.new'"
      class Foo
        @@default = Foo.new

        def initialize(@attr)
        end
      end

      Foo.new("aaaa")
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers from method on integer literal, with type annotation" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { char }
      struct Int32
        def foo : Char
          'a'
        end
      end

      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = 1.foo
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers from method in generic type, with type annotation" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { generic_class "Gen", int32 }
      class Gen(T)
        def foo : Gen(T)
          self
        end
      end

      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = Gen(Int32).new.foo
        end
      end

      Foo.new.@x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type by removing nil from || left side" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      struct Int32
        def foo : Int32?
          1
        end
      end

      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = 1.foo || 2
        end
      end

      Foo.new.@x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from all call matches" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { union_of int32, char }
      class Base
        def foo : Int32
          1
        end
      end

      class Sub1 < Base
        def foo : Char
          'a'
        end
      end

      class Sub2 < Base
        def foo
          1 + 2
        end
      end

      class Foo
        def initialize(base : Base)
          @x = base.foo
        end
      end

      Foo.new(Base.new).@x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "guesses inside macro if" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      {% if true %}
        class Foo
          def initialize
            @x = 1
          end

          def x
            @x
          end
        end
      {% end %}

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "guesses inside macro expression" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      {{ "class Foo; def initialize; @x = 1; end; def x; @x; end; end".id }}

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "guesses inside macro for" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      {% for name in %w(Foo) %}
        class {{name.id}}
          def initialize
            @x = 1
          end

          def x
            @x
          end
        end
      {% end %}

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "can't infer type from initializer" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't infer the type of instance variable '@x' of Foo"
      class Foo
        @x = 1 + 2

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "can't infer type from initializer in non-generic module" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't infer the type of instance variable '@x' of Moo"
      module Moo
        @x = 1 + 2

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Foo
        include Moo
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "can't infer type from initializer in generic module type" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't infer the type of instance variable '@x' of Moo(T)"
      module Moo(T)
        @x = 1 + 2

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Foo
        include Moo(Int32)
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "can't infer type from initializer in generic class type" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't infer the type of instance variable '@x' of Foo(T)"
      class Foo(T)
        @x = 1 + 2

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo(Int32).new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from self (#2575)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Foo"] }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = self
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "infers type from self as virtual type (#2575)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Foo"].virtual_type! }
      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = self
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Bar < Foo
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "declares as named tuple" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { named_tuple_of({"x": int32, "y": char}) }
      class Foo
        @x : NamedTuple(x: Int32, y: Char)

        def initialize
          a = {x: 1, y: 'a'}
          @x = a
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't complain in second part of #2575" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        @a : Int32

        def initialize
          @a = 5
        end

        def initialize(b)
          initialize
        end

        def a
          @a
        end
      end

      class Bar < Foo
      end

      Bar.new.a
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "guesses from as.(typeof(...))" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        def initialize(x : Int32)
          a = 1
          @x = a.as(typeof(x))
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new(1).x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "guesses from as.(typeof(...)) in generic type" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo(T)
        def initialize(x : Int32)
          a = 1
          @x = a.as(typeof(x))
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo(Float64).new(1).x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "errors if can't find lib call, before erroring on instance var (#2579)" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "undefined fun 'nope' for LibFoo"
      lib LibFoo
      end

      class Foo
        def initialize
          LibFoo.nope(out @foo)
        end
      end

      Foo.new
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "errors when using Class (#2605)" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't use Class as the type of instance variable '@class' of Foo, use a more specific type"
      class Foo
        def initialize(@class : Class)
        end
      end
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "errors when using Class in generic type" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't use Class as the type of instance variable '@class' of Foo(T), use a more specific type"
      class Foo(T)
        def initialize(@class : Class)
        end
      end
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't error when using Class but specifying type" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Foo"].metaclass }
      class Foo
        @x : Foo.class

        def initialize(@x : Class)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new(Foo).x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't error when using generic because guessed elsewhere" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { generic_class "Bar", int32 }
      class Foo
        @x = Bar(Int32).new

        def initialize
        end

        def x
          @x = Bar.new(1)
          @x
        end
      end

      class Bar(T)
        def initialize
        end

        def initialize(x : T)
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't error when using generic in generic type because guessed elsewhere" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { generic_class "Bar", int32 }
      class Foo(T)
        @x = Bar(Int32).new

        def initialize
        end

        def x
          @x = Bar.new(1)
          @x
        end
      end

      class Bar(T)
        def initialize
        end

        def initialize(x : T)
        end
      end

      Foo(Int32).new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  %w(Object Reference Class).each do |type|
    it "errors if declaring var in #{type}" do
      assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't declare instance variables in #{type}"
        class #{type}
          @x : Int32?
        end
        CRYSTAL
    end
  end

  [
    "Value", "Number", "Int", "Float", "Int32",
    "Tuple(*T)", "NamedTuple(T)", "Enum",
    "Pointer(T)", "StaticArray(T, N)",
    "Proc(*T, R)", "Union(*T)",
  ].each do |type|
    it "errors if declaring var in #{type}" do
      assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't declare instance variables in #{type}"
        struct #{type}
          @x : Int32?
        end
        CRYSTAL
    end
  end

  it "errors if declaring instance variable in module included in Object" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't declare instance variables in Object"
      module Moo
        @x : Int32?
      end

      class Object
        include Moo
      end
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "errors if adds instance variable to Object via guess" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't declare instance variables in Object"
      class Object
        def foo(@foo : Int32)
        end
      end
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "errors if adds instance variable to Object via guess via included module" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't declare instance variables in Object"
      module Moo
        def foo(@foo : Int32)
        end
      end

      class Object
        include Moo
      end
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "gives correct error when trying to use Int as an instance variable type" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't use Int as the type of an instance variable yet, use a more specific type"
      class Foo
        @x : Int
      end
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "shouldn't error when accessing instance var in initialized that's always initialized (#2953)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        @baz = Baz.new

        def baz
          @baz
        end
      end

      class Bar < Foo
        def initialize
          @baz.x = 2
        end
      end

      class Baz
        def initialize
          @x = 1
        end

        def x=(@x)
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Bar.new.baz.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  # -----------------
  # ||| OLD SPECS |||
  # vvv           vvv

  it "declares instance var which appears in initialize" do
    result = assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Foo"] }
      class Foo
        @x : Int32

        def initialize
          @x = 1
        end
      end

      Foo.new
      CRYSTAL

    mod = result.program

    foo = mod.types["Foo"].as(NonGenericClassType)
    foo.instance_vars["@x"].type.should eq(mod.int32)
  end

  it "declares instance var of generic class" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL
      class Foo(T)
        @x : T

        def initialize(@x)
        end
      end

      Foo(Int32).new(1)
      CRYSTAL
    ) do
      foo = types["Foo"].as(GenericClassType)
      foo_i32 = foo.instantiate([int32] of TypeVar)
      foo_i32.lookup_instance_var("@x").type.should eq(int32)
      foo_i32
    end
  end

  it "declares instance var of generic class after reopen" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL
      class Foo(T)
      end

      f = Foo(Int32).new(1)

      class Foo(T)
        @x : T

        def initialize(@x : T)
        end
      end

      f
      CRYSTAL
    ) do
      foo = types["Foo"].as(GenericClassType)
      foo_i32 = foo.instantiate([int32] of TypeVar)
      foo_i32.lookup_instance_var("@x").type.should eq(int32)
      foo_i32
    end
  end

  it "declares instance var with initial value" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        @x = 0

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "declares instance var with initial value, with subclass" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        @x = 0

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Bar < Foo
        def initialize
          @x = 1
          @z = 1
        end
      end

      Bar.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "errors if declaring generic type without type vars" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't declare variable of generic non-instantiated type Foo"
      class Foo(T)
      end

      class Baz
        @x : Foo
      end
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "errors when typing an instance variable inside a method" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "declaring the type of an instance variable must be done at the class level"
      def foo
        @x : Int32
      end

      foo
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "declares instance var with union type with a virtual member" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { nilable types["Parent"].virtual_type! }
      class Parent; end
      class Child < Parent; end

      class Foo
        @x : Parent?

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "declares with `self`" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Foo"] }
      class Foo
        @foo : self

        def initialize
          @foo = uninitialized self
        end

        def foo
          @foo
        end
      end

      Foo.new.foo
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "guesses from array literal with of, with subclass" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { array_of(generic_class("Foo", int32).virtual_type!) }
      class Foo(T)
      end

      class Bar < Foo(Int32)
      end

      class Some
        @some = [] of Foo(Int32)

        def some
          @some
        end
      end

      Some.new.some
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "guesses from hash literal with of, with subclass" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { hash_of(generic_class("Foo", int32).virtual_type!, generic_class("Foo", int32).virtual_type!) }
      class Foo(T)
      end

      class Bar < Foo(Int32)
      end

      class Some
        @some = {} of Foo(Int32) => Foo(Int32)

        def some
          @some
        end
      end

      Some.new.some
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "guesses from splat (#3149)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { generic_class "Args", int32, char }
      class Args(*T)
        def initialize(*@args : *T)
        end
      end

      Args.new(1, 'a')
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "guesses from splat (2) (#3149)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { tuple_of([int32, char]) }
      class Args(*T)
        def initialize(*@args : *T)
        end

        def args
          @args
        end
      end

      Args.new(1, 'a').args
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "transfers initializer from generic module to class" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      module Moo(T)
        @x = 1

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Foo
        include Moo(Int32)
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "transfers initializer from module to generic class" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      module Moo
        @x = 1

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      class Foo(T)
        include Moo
      end

      Foo(Int32).new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't consider self.initialize as initializer (#3239)" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "@instance_vars are not yet allowed in metaclasses: use @@class_vars instead"
      class Foo
        def self.initialize
          @d = 5
        end

        def test
          @d
        end
      end

      Foo.new.test
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't crash on #3580" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "undefined local variable or method"
      class Hoge
        @hoge_dir : String = "~/.hoge" ? "~/.hoge" : default_hoge_dir
      end
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "is more permissive with macro def initialize" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Foo"] }
      class Foo
        @x : Int32

        def initialize
          {% for ivar in @type.instance_vars %}
            @{{ivar}} = 0
          {% end %}
        end
      end

      Foo.new
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "is more permissive with macro def initialize, bug with named args" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "instance variable '@x' of Foo was not initialized"
      class Foo
        @x : Int32

        def initialize(**args)
          {% @type %}
        end
      end

      Foo.new(x: 1)
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "is more permissive with macro def initialize, other initialize" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Foo"] }
      class Foo
        @x : Int32
        @y : Int32

        def initialize
          {% for ivar in @type.instance_vars %}
            @{{ivar}} = 0
          {% end %}
        end

        def initialize(@x, @y)
        end
      end

      Foo.new
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "is more permissive with macro def initialize, multiple" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        @x : Int32

        def initialize
          {% begin %}
            {% @type %}
            @x = 1
          {% end %}
        end

        def initialize(x)
          {% begin %}
            {% @type %}
            @x = x
          {% end %}
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new
      Foo.new(1).x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "errors with macro def but another def doesn't initialize all" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "instance variable '@y' of Foo was not initialized directly in all of the 'initialize' methods, rendering it nilable. Indirect initialization is not supported."
      class Foo
        @x : Int32
        @y : Int32

        def initialize
          {% for ivar in @type.instance_vars %}
            @{{ivar}} = 0
          {% end %}
        end

        def initialize(@x)
        end
      end

      Foo.new
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "errors if finally not initialized in macro def" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "instance variable '@x' of Foo was not initialized in this 'initialize', rendering it nilable"
      class Foo
        @x : Int32

        def initialize
          {% for ivar in @type.instance_vars %}
          {% end %}
        end
      end

      Foo.new
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't error if initializes via super in macro def" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Bar"] }
      class Foo
        def initialize(@x : Int32)
        end
      end

      class Bar < Foo
        def initialize(x)
          super
          {% for ivar in @type.instance_vars %}
          {% end %}
        end
      end

      Bar.new(1)
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't error if uses typeof(@var)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Foo"] }
      struct Int32
        def self.zero
          0
        end
      end

      class Foo
        @x : Int32

        def initialize
          @x = typeof(@x).zero
        end
      end

      Foo.new
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't error if not initialized in macro def but outside it" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Foo"] }
      class Foo
        @x = 1

        def initialize
          {% @type %}
        end
      end

      Foo.new
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't error if inheriting generic instance (#3635)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { bool }
      module Core(T)
        @a : Bool
      end

      class Base(T)
        include Core(Int32)

        @a = true
      end

      class Foo < Base(String)
        def a
          @a
        end
      end

      Foo.new.a
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't consider var as nilable if conditionally assigned inside initialize, but has initializer (#3669)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL, inject_primitives: true) { int32 }
      class Foo
        @x = 0

        def initialize
          @x = 1 if 1 == 2
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "types generic instance as virtual type if generic type has subclasses (#3805)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL, inject_primitives: true) { types["Qux"] }
      class Foo(T)
      end

      class Bar(T) < Foo(T)
      end

      class Qux
        def initialize
          @ptr = Pointer(Foo(Int32)).malloc(1_u64)
        end

        def ptr=(ptr)
          @ptr = ptr
        end
      end

      Bar(Int32).new
      Qux.new
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "errors if unknown ivar through macro (#4050)" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't infer the type of instance variable '@bar' of Foo"
      class Foo
        def initialize(**attributes)
          {% for var in @type.instance_vars %}
            if arg = attributes[:{{var.name.id}}]?
              @{{var.name.id}} = arg
            end
          {% end %}
        end
      end

      class Bar < Foo
        def initialize(**attributes)
          @bar = true
          super
        end
      end

      Bar.new
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "can't infer type when using operation on const (#4054)" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't infer the type of instance variable '@baz' of Foo", inject_primitives: true
      class Foo
        BAR = 5

        def initialize
          @baz = BAR + 5
        end
      end

      Foo.new
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "instance variables initializers are used in class variables initialized objects (#3988)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
       class Foo
         @@foo = Foo.new

        @never_nil = 1

        def initialize
          if false
            @never_nil = 2
          end
        end
      end

      Foo.new.@never_nil
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "allow usage of instance variable initializer from instance variable initializer" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { tuple_of([int32, int32]) }
      class Foo
        @bar = Bar.new
        @never_nil = 1

        def initialize
          if false
            @never_nil = 2
          end
        end
      end

      class Bar
        @never_nil = 1

        def initialize
          if false
            @never_nil = 2
          end
        end
      end

      {Foo.new.@never_nil, Bar.new.@never_nil}
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "errors when assigning instance variable at top level block" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't use instance variables at the top level"
      def foo
        yield
      end

      foo do
        @foo = 1
      end
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "errors when assigning instance variable at top level control block" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't use instance variables at the top level"
      if true
        @foo = 1
      end
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't check call of non-self instance (#4830)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Container"] }
      class Container
        def initialize(other : Container, x)
          initialize(other)
          @foo = "x"
        end

        def initialize(other : Container)
          @foo = other.foo
        end

        def initialize(@foo : String, bar)
        end

        def foo
          @foo
        end
      end

      container = Container.new("foo", nil)
      Container.new(container, "foo2")
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "errors when assigning instance variable inside nested expression" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't use instance variables at the top level"
      class Foo
        if true
          @foo = 1
        end
      end
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't find T in generic type that's not the current type (#4460)" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't infer the type of instance variable '@x' of Foo"
      class Gen(T)
        def self.new
          Gen(T).new
        end
      end

      class Foo
        @x = Gen.new
      end
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't consider instance var as nilable if assigned before self access (#4981)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      def f(x)
      end

      class A
        def initialize
          @a = 0
          f(self)
          @a = 0
        end

        def a
          @a
        end
      end

      A.new.a
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't combine union of Number and Number subclass (#5073)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { generic_class "Gen", union_of(int32, types["A"]) }
      class Gen(T)
      end

      struct A < Number
        def hash(hasher)
          hasher
        end

        def to_s(io : IO)
        end
      end

      class Foo
        @foo = Gen(Int32 | A).new
      end

      Foo.new.@foo
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "uses T.new (#4291)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Foo"] }
      class Foo
      end

      class Gen(T)
        @x = T.new

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Gen(Foo).new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "can type ivar from module included by generic class (#5281)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Baz"] }
      module Foo
        def initialize(@x = "foo")
        end
      end

      class Bar(T)
        include Foo

        @y = 42
      end

      class Baz < Bar(String); end

      Baz.new
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "can type ivar from class inherited by generic class (#5281)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Baz"] }
      class Foo
        def initialize(@x = "foo")
        end
      end

      class Bar(T) < Foo
        @y = 42
      end

      class Baz < Bar(String); end

      Baz.new
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "can guess the type from splat argument with splatted type" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { tuple_of([int32]) }
      class Foo
        def initialize(*@foo : *{Int32})
        end

        def foo
          @foo
        end
      end

      Foo.new(1).foo
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "can guess the type from splat argument with splatted type variable" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { tuple_of([int32, int32]) }
      class Foo(T)
        def initialize(*@foo : *T)
        end

        def foo
          @foo
        end
      end

      Foo.new(1, 2).foo
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "cannot guess the type from splat argument with not splatted type" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't infer the type of instance variable '@foo' of Foo"
      class Foo
        def initialize(*@foo : Int32)
        end

        def foo
          @foo
        end
      end

      Foo.new(1).foo
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "can guess the type from double-splat argument with double-splatted type" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { named_tuple_of({"foo": int32}) }
      class Foo
        def initialize(**@foo : **{foo: Int32})
        end

        def foo
          @foo
        end
      end

      Foo.new(foo: 1).foo
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "can guess the type from double-splat argument with double-splatted type variable" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { named_tuple_of({"foo": int32, "bar": int32}) }
      class Foo(T)
        def initialize(**@foo : **T)
        end

        def foo
          @foo
        end
      end

      Foo.new(foo: 1, bar: 2).foo
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "cannot guess the type from double-splat argument with not double-splatted type" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't infer the type of instance variable '@foo' of Foo"
      class Foo
        def initialize(**@foo : Int32)
        end

        def foo
          @foo
        end
      end

      Foo.new(foo: 1).foo
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "cannot guess type from argument assigned in body" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't infer the type of instance variable '@x' of Foo"
      class Foo
        def initialize(x : String)
          x = 1
          @x = x
        end
      end

      Foo.new "foo"
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "can't infer type of generic method that returns self (#5383)" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "method Gen(T).new must return Gen(T) but it is returning Nil"
      class Gen(T)
        def self.new(&block : -> T) : self
        end
      end

      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = Gen.new { 1 }
        end
      end

      Foo.new
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "guesses virtual array type (1) (#5342)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { array_of(array_of(int32).virtual_type).virtual_type }
      require "prelude"

      class First(T) < Array(T)
      end

      class Second
        @ary = [[1]]

        def ary
          @ary
        end
      end

      Second.new.ary
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "guesses virtual array type (2) (#5342)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { array_of(array_of(int32).virtual_type).virtual_type }
      require "prelude"

      class First(T) < Array(T)
      end

      class Second
        @ary = Array { Array { 1 } }

        def ary
          @ary
        end
      end

      Second.new.ary
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "guesses virtual array type (3) (#5342)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { array_of(array_of(int32).virtual_type).virtual_type }
      require "prelude"

      class First(T) < Array(T)
      end

      class Second
        @ary = [] of Array(Int32)

        def ary
          @ary
        end
      end

      Second.new.ary
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "guesses virtual hash type (1) (#5342)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { hash_of(hash_of(int32, int32).virtual_type, int32).virtual_type }
      require "prelude"

      class First(K, V) < Hash(K, V)
      end

      class Second
        @hash = { {1 => 2} => 3}

        def hash
          @hash
        end
      end

      Second.new.hash
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "guesses virtual hash type (2) (#5342)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { hash_of(hash_of(int32, int32).virtual_type, int32).virtual_type }
      require "prelude"

      class First(K, V) < Hash(K, V)
      end

      class Second
        @hash = Hash { Hash { 1 => 2 } => 3 }

        def hash
          @hash
        end
      end

      Second.new.hash
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "guesses virtual array type (3) (#5342)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { hash_of(hash_of(int32, int32).virtual_type, int32).virtual_type }
      require "prelude"

      class First(K, V) < Hash(K, V)
      end

      class Second
        @hash = {} of Hash(Int32, Int32) => Int32

        def hash
          @hash
        end
      end

      Second.new.hash
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't solve instance var initializer in instance context (1) (#5876)" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "undefined local variable or method 'bar'"
      class Foo
        @x : Int32 = bar

        def bar
          1
        end
      end

      Foo.new
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't solve instance var initializer in instance context (2) (#5876)" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "undefined local variable or method 'bar'"
      class Foo(T)
        @x : T = bar

        def bar
          1
        end
      end

      Foo(Int32).new
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't solve instance var initializer in instance context (3) (#5876)" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "undefined local variable or method 'bar'"
      module Moo(T)
        @x : T = bar

        def bar
          1
        end
      end

      class Foo
        include Moo(Int32)
      end

      Foo.new
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "solves instance var initializer in metaclass context (#5876)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      class Foo
        @x : Int32 = bar

        def self.bar
          1
        end

        def x
          @x
        end
      end

      Foo.new.x
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't infer unbound generic type on non-generic call (#6390)" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't infer the type parameter T for the generic class Gen(T)"
      class Gen(T)
        def self.new(&block)
          Gen(T).build
        end

        def self.build : self
        end
      end

      class Foo
        def initialize
          @x = Gen.new { }
        end
      end

      Foo.new
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't infer unbound generic type on generic method called from generic's subclass" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't infer the type of instance variable '@x' of Foo"
      class Gen(T)
        def self.new(x : T)
          Gen(T).build
        end

        def self.build : self
          new
        end
      end

      class Foo < Gen(Int32)
        def initialize
          @x = Gen.new('a')
        end
      end

      Foo.new
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "doesn't infer unbound generic type on generic method called from generic's subclass, metaclass context" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "can't infer the type of instance variable '@x' of Foo"
      class Gen(T)
        def self.new(x : T)
          Gen(T).build
        end

        def self.build : self
          new
        end
      end

      class Foo < Gen(Int32)
        @x = Gen.new('a')
      end
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "errors when overriding inherited instance variable with incompatible type" do
    assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "instance variable '@a' of A must be Int32, not (Char | Int32)"
      class A
        @a = 1
      end

      class B < A
        @a = 'a'
      end
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "accepts overriding inherited instance variable with compatible type" do
    semantic <<-CRYSTAL
      class A
        @a = 1
      end

      class B < A
        @a = 2
      end
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "looks up return type restriction in defining type, not instantiated type (#11961)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
      module Foo(T)
        def foo : T
          x = uninitialized T
          x
        end
      end

      module Bar(T)
        include Foo(T)
      end

      struct Tuple
        include Bar(Union(*T))
      end

      class Test
        def initialize
          @foo = 0
        end

        def test
          @foo = {@foo, 0}.foo
        end
      end

      Test.new.@foo
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "looks up self restriction in instantiated type, not defined type" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { types["Foo2"] }
      class Foo1
        def foo : self
          self
        end
      end

      class Foo2 < Foo1
      end

      class Bar
        def initialize
          @x = Foo2.new
        end

        def bar
          @x = @x.foo
        end
      end

      Bar.new.bar
      CRYSTAL
  end

  it "inferrs Proc(Void) to Proc(Nil)" do
    assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { proc_of(nil_type) }
      struct Proc
        def self.new(&block : self)
          block
        end
      end

      class Foo
        def initialize
          @proc = Proc(Void).new { 1 }
        end
      end

      Foo.new.@proc
      CRYSTAL
  end

  describe "instance variable inherited from multiple parents" do
    context "with compatible type" do
      it "module and class, with declarations" do
        result = assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
          module M
            @a : Int32 = 1
          end

          class A
            @a : Int32 = 2
          end

          class B < A
            include M
          end

          B.new.@a
          CRYSTAL

        program = result.program
        program.types["A"].instance_vars.size.should eq(1)
        program.types["B"].instance_vars.size.should eq(0)
      end

      it "module and class, with declarations (2)" do
        result = assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
          module M
            @a = 1
          end

          class A
            include M
          end

          class B < A
            @a = 1
          end

          B.new.@a
          CRYSTAL

        program = result.program
        program.types["A"].instance_vars.size.should eq(1)
        program.types["B"].instance_vars.size.should eq(0)
      end

      it "module and class, with declarations (3)" do
        result = assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { tuple_of [int32, int32] }
          module M
            @a = 1
          end

          class A
            include M
          end

          class B < A
            @a = 1
          end

          class C
            @a = 1
          end

          class D < C
            include M
          end

          {B.new.@a, D.new.@a}
          CRYSTAL

        program = result.program
        program.types["A"].instance_vars.size.should eq(1)
        program.types["B"].instance_vars.size.should eq(0)
        program.types["C"].instance_vars.size.should eq(1)
        program.types["D"].instance_vars.size.should eq(0)
      end

      it "module and class, with definitions" do
        result = assert_type(<<-CRYSTAL) { int32 }
          module M
            @a = 1
          end

          class A
            @a = 2
          end

          class B < A
            include M
          end

          B.new.@a
          CRYSTAL

        program = result.program
        program.types["A"].instance_vars.size.should eq(1)
        program.types["B"].instance_vars.size.should eq(0)
      end

      it "accepts module and module, with definitions" do
        semantic <<-CRYSTAL
          module M
            @a = 1
          end

          module N
            @a = 2
          end

          class B
            include N
            include M
          end
          CRYSTAL
      end

      it "accepts module and module, with declarations" do
        semantic <<-CRYSTAL
          module M
            @a : Int32?
          end

          module N
            @a : Int32?
          end

          class B
            include N
            include M
          end
          CRYSTAL
      end
    end

    context "with incompatible type" do
      it "module and class, with definitions" do
        assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "instance variable '@a' of A, with B < A, is already declared as Int32 (trying to re-declare it in B as Char)"
          module M
            @a = 'a'
          end

          class A
            @a = 1
          end

          class B < A
            include M
          end
          CRYSTAL
      end

      it "module and class, with declarations" do
        assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "instance variable '@a' of A, with B < A, is already declared as Int32 (trying to re-declare it in B as Char)"
          module M
            @a : Char = 'a'
          end

          class A
            @a : Int32 = 1
          end

          class B < A
            include M
          end
          CRYSTAL
      end

      it "errors module and module, with definitions" do
        assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "instance variable '@a' of B must be Char, not (Char | Int32)"
          module M
            @a = 'c'
          end

          module N
            @a = 1
          end

          class B
            include N
            include M
          end
          CRYSTAL
      end

      it "errors module and module, with declarations" do
        assert_error <<-CRYSTAL, "instance variable '@a' of B must be Int32, not (Char | Int32)"
          module M
            @a : Char = 'c'
          end

          module N
            @a : Int32 = 1
          end

          class B
            include N
            include M
          end
          CRYSTAL
      end
    end
  end
end
